Scientometrics
Masoume Kiani; Asefeh Asemi; Mozafar cheshmaeh Sohrabi; Ahmad Shabani
Abstract
Background and Objectives: An examination of the thematic process of the articles reveals the process of thematic growth and development of a scientific field over time. This process enables researchers to compare the research conducted in thematic aspects and certain periods in each field. Thus, they ...
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Background and Objectives: An examination of the thematic process of the articles reveals the process of thematic growth and development of a scientific field over time. This process enables researchers to compare the research conducted in thematic aspects and certain periods in each field. Thus, they can study and analyze the relationships of the concepts with the help of a knowledge map. The knowledge map identifies concepts and connections between concepts in a scientific field. Illustrating the internal structure of a scientific field helps users to quickly have a clear understanding of the structure of the field by observing the concepts, relations, and distances. One of the main motivations for this research was the ambiguity of the main and important concepts in bioinformatics. Also, the uncertainty of the relationship between the thematic concepts of the published articles was another issue that led to this research. As a result, the uncertainty of the relationship between the concepts used in the articles in bioinformatics led to doing this research. In this study, an attempt was made to identify the main topics (core) considered by researchers and specialists in this field by examining the thematic process of articles. Also, the relationships of these concepts should be drawn in the form of thematic maps and knowledge maps. In the present study, all articles related to bioinformatics, which has been published for about 43 years and has been indexed in the Clarivate database, were reviewed. The present study aimed to draw a thematic map and knowledge of bioinformatics articles with the help of co-word analysis and using semantic exploration tools.
Methodology: This study is descriptive-analytical research performed by using co-word analysis and semantic search tools called Yewno to draw thematic maps and knowledge of bioinformatics. The research community of the present study was all articles in the field of bioinformatics that were indexed in the Clarivate database from 1975 to 2018. As a result of the search for these documents, 53,740 articles were extracted. Data analysis was performed by using Ravar PreMap, BibExcel, VOSviewer software, and Yewno semantic exploration tools.
Findings: The findings show that 741 keywords were identified as the main topics (core) of the articles in bioinformatics, which are used as the most widely used topics in the articles in this field. According to the findings, the topics of "MicroRNA", "Proteomics", "Medical informatics", "Computational Biology", "Microarray", "Gene expression" with the most frequency of application the most important issues identified. As the findings show, a total of 7 clusters were obtained, indicating that bioinformatics articles are thematically 7-axis. The findings show that the concept of "Bioinformatics" is, directly and indirectly, related to the seven main concepts, and this indicates the direct dependence of all the concepts sought in this field. There is a direct and indirect relationship between the concepts of different clusters. According to the findings of the concept "Gene expression" (cluster 1), there is an indirect relationship with the concept of "Metabolomics" (cluster 6) due to the existence of the concept of "Chemical biology" which is not one of the main thematic clusters and is a sub-concept. Also, the concept of "Metabolomics" (cluster 6) is indirectly related to the concept of Bioinformatics through the same concept of "Chemical biology". Also, the indirect connection between the concept "Gene expression" (cluster 1) and "Bioinformatics" concept is established through the two concepts of "RNA-Seq" and "Chemical biology".
Discussion: The results show that in the formed knowledge map, each concept has a direct relationship with the sub-concepts of its own cluster. There is no direct or indirect relationship between the sub-concepts of each cluster and other sub-concepts of the cluster. Thematic maps and knowledge are drawn in this field can be provided to researchers as a pattern for determining research priorities.
Hajar Ghadami Hossein Abadi; Mitra Pashootanizadeh; Mozafar cheshmaeh Sohrabi
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The e-book is one of the features that new technologies have brought us. This kind of book makes accessing information easier. In recent years, this new format of books has been expanded with the growth of information and communication tools and technologies, the expansion ...
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Background and Objectives: The e-book is one of the features that new technologies have brought us. This kind of book makes accessing information easier. In recent years, this new format of books has been expanded with the growth of information and communication tools and technologies, the expansion of educational and virtual learning environments, the possibility of access to electronic tools by a wide range of social strata, and the speed of access to information.Books always are one of the main tools in education, so a group that can make use of e-books and its capabilities due to their age and educational conditions are teenage students. in spite of all e-book's various and unique capabilities, like other technologies, in some cases has been welcomed and in other ones hasn't gotten so much attention but what factors cause this low attention in this subject should be considered. So various models and patterns in the field of technology acceptance have been presented. In this regard One of the most complete models is the Technology Acceptance Model 3 (TAM3), which by solving problems and completing the previous two models of Technology Acceptance Model (namely TAM and TAM 2) and adding factors related to ease of use, can help identify the factors influencing the acceptance of different technologies. For this reason, the main purpose of this study is to determine the factors that affect the acceptance of e-books by 1st-period high school students of Isfahan city based on the constructive factors of the Technology Acceptance Model 3 (TAM3). In order to achieve this goal according to the main research model and based on the relationships between the variables, 15 hypotheses have been definedMethodology: This research is descriptive research and was performed using surveys and correlation analysis. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data. The questionnaire consists of three sections, including accompanying letters, general questions, and specialized questions. The general questions included 7 close-ended questions about the demographic characteristics of the sample members and the specialized questions included the topics related to the model of this research (Technology Acceptance Model 3 (TAM3)) in 49 items in the form of 14 components. The answers were arranged in a Likert scale comprising five options (strongly agree to strongly disagree). Visual modes (face mode emojis) along with writing were used so that teenagers could evaluate their answers better. Four members of the faculty of Knowledge and Information Science (KIS) confirmed the validity of this questionnaire. Alpha-Cronbach was used to measure reliability. The Cronbach's alpha value for the research questionnaire was gotten about 0.8. SPSS23 and Amos22 software were used to analyze the results and score the questionnaires. The participants were 460 1st-period high school students from the of Isfahan city, who were randomly selected by randomized cluster sampling.Findings: Path Analysis of the research data showed that all the determined paths in the conceptual research model, except the direct effect of the "result demonstrability" on the "perceived usefulness", are significant and the model has an acceptable overall fit. The mediator variable, "experience", could only affect the relationship between "subjective norms" and "intention to use ". This means that the more experience that a teenager has about the use of technology, the greater impact on their intention to use e-books. None of the voluntariness and experience mediating variables could have an effect on other relationships of the model.Discussion: Many developed countries have accepted e-books as an inseparable format form the libraries, schools, colleges, and many centers. So, they are taking advantage of them. The results of this study, which was performed based on a group of teenagers and students with the TAM3 model, showed that with clear and precise steps, many of activities and investments can be coordinated to use this technology as much as possible also introduce in society as a positive cultural behavior.The results of the study showed that all the 8 first hypotheses have been confirmed except a part of the third hypothesis (the effect of the "result demonstrability" on the "perceived usefulness"). The confirmation of the 7th and 8th hypothesis revealed that more attention to factors of "perceived usefulness" and "perceived ease of use" will increase in "intention to use"."Perceived ease of use" impacted by 5 various variables such as "subjective norms". "Subjective norms" is one of a few variables that has a direct impact on "intention to use" and also increase "perceived ease of use" with itself. Also, "subjective norms" impact positively on "image", one of the five variables related to "perceived ease of use". The Two mediating variables in this model (voluntariness and experience), only the experience variable (in the sense of the degree a person knows how to use a computer) was able to affect only one relationship (Hypothesis 14). Therefore, it can be concluded the more "experience" a person has in using a computer, the more it will help to strengthen the "subjective norms" and "intention to use" relationship. This experience can be enhanced by making computers available in school, library, home or any cultural, scientific/educational place and also by holding various educational classes related to its use. Finally, it suggested that other researchers study the acceptance of other library technologies on youth group using this model and even other models proposed in this field, and evaluate the conditions for providing technology-based information services. Because the information societies in the world are moving towards more and more use of technologies, the more appropriate conditions can be provided for the acceptance of new information technologies and a more accurate understanding of it, the more consciously we can take steps and pay for these services.
Ali Biranvand; Ahmad Shabani; Asefeh Asemi; Mozafar cheshmaeh Sohrabi
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Knowledge commercialization is a trend that a university can transfer the results of own members' research to the market to make capital. The point to be taken into account in this process is to identify and prioritize the factors contributing to the process of knowledge commercialization. ...
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Background and Objectives: Knowledge commercialization is a trend that a university can transfer the results of own members' research to the market to make capital. The point to be taken into account in this process is to identify and prioritize the factors contributing to the process of knowledge commercialization. It must be noted that identifying influential factors allows managers and decision makers to make decisions and determine commercialization policies. Accordingly, this research tries to identify and prioritize the factors affecting the commercialization of research results. Identifying the factors influencing the knowledge commercialization allows researchers and scholars to detect the possible barriers and anticipate removing them. Methodology: This research used qualitative approach and confirmatory factor analysis method to identify the items influencing knowledge commercialization in previous researches through library studies, then using Delphi method, it sought the opinions of knowledge commercialization experts about the identified factors in the University of Isfahan. The samples consisted of 262 faculty members and graduated students of Isfahan University in the academic year of 2018-19 who have commercialized the results of their research or planned to commercialize but failed and also were familiar with the process of knowledge commercialization. In this research, descriptive statistics including mean and standard deviation were run to calculate the opinions of experts on the indicators of knowledge commercialization. Furthermore, Kendall's coefficient of concordance (W) was used to determine the degree of unity in experts' opinions. Also, to prioritize the factors, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used. Findings: Among the three factors under study, background factors with a weight of 0.456, content factors with a weight of 0.339, and structural factors with a weight of 0.226 ranked the first to third priorities, respectively as the factors affecting knowledge commercialization. Applying fuzzy AHP, the sub-criteria for each of the main factors were compared as a pair. Defuzzyfication results of structural sub-criteria show that the "financial and information resources" with a weight of 0.359, "hard capabilities, processes, technology, and capabilities" with a weight of 0.343, and the "networking strategic links" with a weight of 0.298 were ranked first to third, respectively. Moreover, Defuzzyfication results of the content sub-criteria show that "knowledge base and research quality" with the weight of 0.507, "soft capabilities; human and marketing skills" with a weight of 0.301, and "internal management of the organization" with the weight of 0.192 were ranked first to third, respectively. Identifying the ultimate priority of indicators affecting the knowledge commercialization with the help of pairwise comparison showed that among the indicators related to the sub-criteria of financial and information resources, the index of "providing the required financial resources" with a weight of 0.577 is the most important one. Among the indicators of strategic links, the index of "establishing strategic relations between the university and industry" with a weight of 0.564 is in the first priority. Also, of the five indicators related to the sub-criterion of hard capabilities, the index of "creating a center / institution of commercialization" with a weight of 0.245 is the first priority. Among the four indicators of internal management, the index of "strengthening and promoting the culture of commercialization at universities" with a weight of 0.307 is the first priority. Furthermore, a pair comparison of the innovative infrastructure sub-criteria revealed that the "communication infrastructure" index with a weight of 0.429 is the first priority. The fuzzy values related to the sub-criteria of the political and legal environment confirm that the index of "commercial support laws and regulations" with a weight of 0.548 is the first priority. Among the four indicators related to the sub-criteria of "technical, economic and market environment", the index of "market needs and demand for research results" is in the first priority. Discussion: One of the obstacles to knowledge commercialization at the University of Isfahan is the lack of communication infrastructure to organize the results of academic research and provide it to related industries for exploitation. Lack of knowledge about academic researchers and the needs of the industrial sector as well as inability to communicate effectively with the industrial sector are the factors that lead to a failure in the knowledge commercialization. Obviously, the connection between university and industry will be effective in conveying the results of academic research. On the other hand, lack of information network for registering ideas, patent and research results in the Deputy of Research and communication with industry at the University of Isfahan has caused the owners of ideas and inventors to face a bulk of obstacles to transfer research results or register their ideas. The lack of supportive policies in the field of intellectual property ownership is also of the concerns in this respect. Because the lack of guarantee in the protection of intellectual property rights lead to the transfer of academic research results through the bases other than the academic ones and the role of universities in this regard be overlooked. Given the existence and occurrence of such problems, it seems necessary to design and use the information system for registering and transferring inventions by considering the laws of intellectual property owners at the University of Isfahan.
