Digital library
Hossein Rahimi Kolour; Younes Nikkhah
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The advancement of information technology and the increase in internet users have made online buying, especially in books, an integral part of the distribution channels of services and products. Also, online bookstores and digital libraries earn money by providing physical ...
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Background and Objectives: The advancement of information technology and the increase in internet users have made online buying, especially in books, an integral part of the distribution channels of services and products. Also, online bookstores and digital libraries earn money by providing physical and digital books and knowledge services. However, online stores, especially in Iran, are still developing and understanding the online behavior of customers is still a new and unknown issue for businesses, especially for online library service providers. Nowadays, with businesses going online, especially the online sale of books and the promotion of the science of digital reading, identifying the purchase behavior in the online environment has become of great importance for the owners of bookstores and digital libraries because the purchase behavior in the online environment is very complicated. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effect of perceived ease and perceived usefulness of buying online with the mediating role of online perceived value on online purchase behavior among customers of online bookstores and digital libraries. Research shows that through online social networks, customers can obtain more detailed product information, personalized service, and quick support, which influence customers' purchase intentions. In addition, the rich content and interpersonal networks generated by customers on social networks keep them connected. Based on social networking sites, microblogs, forums, and social commerce platforms, customers share purchase information, consumption experiences, and evaluations, and this content can spread rapidly and, as a result, significantly influence the purchase intentions of other customers. On the other hand, the desire of young Iranian researchers to write new approaches to the digital society has led to the transfer of technology, knowledge and emerging global ideas in the library sector. Because various studies have been conducted in the field of buying behavior, but in previous studies, the mediating role of perceived value in the relationship between perceived ease and usefulness and online purchase behavior has not been the focus and attention of researchers. This study, in addition to understanding the direct effects and Indirect factors affecting online purchase behavior, can play an influential role in increasing the subject literature of online consumer behavior in the field of librarianship and online customer orientation in the field of books.
Methodology: The statistical population of the research includes customers of online bookstores and digital libraries in Iran who have at least one experience of online purchasing (physical and digital books). On the other hand, to ensure the measurement process of each variable, the validity and reliability indicators of the questionnaire were examined, and the opinions of experts and professors in this field were applied. This research is a quantitative and hypothetical-inferential study. In this study, the random sampling method was used. Data collection was done in the field using a questionnaire. The structural equation modeling method was used to investigate the relationships between the variables, and SPSS 24 and Amos 24 software was used.
Findings: The results of this study showed that the direct effects of ease, usefulness and perceived online value on the online purchase behavior of customers of online bookstores and digital libraries are significant. Finally, the mediating role of online perceived value among variables of ease, usefulness and online purchase behavior of book customers was significant and considerable.
Discussion: This study shows that perceived ease and usefulness of online buying are two critical factors in predicting online purchase behavior. Among, online perceived value is an essential factor in better identifying this effect in the online behavior of online bookstores and digital libraries. Therefore, in addition to presenting a new model, this study helps to increase the literature on consumer behavior in the context of digital library services and online book sales and has provided practical suggestions on this theme. For example, managers of online bookstores and digital libraries can develop a good and beneficial social atmosphere among customers by providing simple interactive channels to share knowledge and strengthen social relationships. On the other hand, managers of online bookstores and digital libraries can improve personalization by customizing customer information based on their preferences, which entails placing functional information about books on the first visual page. This creates value for customers and users, leading them to search for products and services.
Digital library
Mohsen Haji Zeinolabedini; Sayyedeh Kobra Pashazadeh; Sayyed Mahdi Taheri
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Metadata represents the culmination of an information and knowledge organization process, aiming to describe and structure content objects. The expansion of metadata standards (Schema) originates from specific information environment requirements while supporting distinct functions. ...
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Background and Objectives: Metadata represents the culmination of an information and knowledge organization process, aiming to describe and structure content objects. The expansion of metadata standards (Schema) originates from specific information environment requirements while supporting distinct functions. The resulting diversity and multiplicity of metadata standards stem from this origin. In today's information landscape, cultural institutions seek to disseminate information resources derived from their distinct repositories, where content objects are referenced. The organization of these content objects must align with the local and technical characteristics inherent to the cultural centers' existing context. Despite this, many centers and institutions either utilize a particular metadata standard disregarding these features or operate without any metadata standard altogether. Consequently, most database fields and elements often fail to align with the institution's context. This organizational structure ultimately falls short in transforming information into usable knowledge for researchers. To address this issue, the development of a metadata application profile aims to rectify these shortcomings and is seen as a solution for enhancing metadata systems. Essentially, the functional profile facilitates the extraction of necessary and contextually fitting elements from diverse metadata standards, tailoring metadata elements to suit the unique characteristics of a cultural institution. It aims to deliver metadata elements akin to a birth certificate. Given that the Malek Institute houses library content objects, it becomes imperative to create a functional profile specifically for this institution. Consequently, the current research endeavors to design a metadata application profile for the description and organization of library content objects housed within the Malek National Museum and Library Institute.Methodology: The current research is categorized as applied research owing to its goal-oriented pursuit of solutions to practical issues arising from real-world needs. It specifically addresses the absence of a metadata application profile required to describe content objects housed within the Malek Digital Library and Museum. This research is qualitatively classified due to its focus on qualitative aspects rather than quantitative measurements. The analysis of the collected data adopts a system analysis approach aligned with the research topic. Data collection employed qualitative research tools such as semi-structured interviews and close observation. The research population comprises two distinct segments. The first segment encompasses all content objects housed in the library at the Malek Institute, focusing on their native appearance and semantic characteristics. The second segment comprises employees from the library's cataloging department, selected using the snowball sampling method, a cost-effective approach aimed at saving research time and resources. In pursuit of designing a Metadata Application Profile (MAP) through a systematic methodology, various checklists associated with metadata standards were utilized. These standards include the Dublin Core Metadata Schema, Metadata Object Description Schema (MODS), Metadata Encoding and Transmission (METS), and MarcXML. The library objects under examination in this study encompass a range of materials, including Persian and Arabic printed books, lithographic books, French and English printed books, and Persian publications.Findings: The study's findings reveal that the functional profile developed comprises a total of 44 elements, categorized into 12 primary elements, 28 secondary elements, and four refined elements. Notably, the MODS contributes the most to the application profile, featuring 24 elements. The Dublin Core Metadata Standards and METS contribute 18 and 2 elements, respectively, to the metadata application profile of the library content objects housed within the Malek National Museum and Library Institute. The elements encompassed within this profile encompass various facets, including title information, such as title, translated title, uniform title, alternate title, subtitle, and non sort. Additionally, elements related to creator information, such as creator, creator role, and affiliation, are included. Other significant elements involve description, subject, Dewey Decimal classification system (DDC) number, Library of Congress classification system (LCC) number, origin information, publisher, frequency, publication date, creation date, valid date, place, type, identifier, International Standard Book Number (ISBN), International Standard Serial Number (ISSN), local number, language, accrual method, notes (comprising language note, physical description note, marks note, scripts note), record information (record creation date, record change date), agent name role, agent name role (Controller), part, extent, start, end, and contributor.Discussion: The Malek National Museum and Library Institute, utilizing functional profile IDs comprising name, label, defined by, property institution definition, description, type, refinements, refined by, coding scheme, requirement, data type, event, equivalent to, can effectively manage its metadata. Implementing the suggestions from this research facilitates the efficient organization of the library's content objects. Similarly, other libraries with similar features can adopt these profile IDs to develop their metadata application profiles, enhancing the management of their content objects in line with established practices.
Digital library
Reza Rajabali Beglou
Abstract
Background and Objectives:User experience researches defined as study users’ perceptions and interactions of anticipated or intended use of a product, system, or service. Therefore, study these experiences are very important and can lead to value creation for information system stakeholders. The ...
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Background and Objectives:User experience researches defined as study users’ perceptions and interactions of anticipated or intended use of a product, system, or service. Therefore, study these experiences are very important and can lead to value creation for information system stakeholders. The present study seeks to clarify deficiencies and difficulties experienced by users in interacting with the most important Digital Libraries (DLs) in Iran. Furthermore, demands and expectations of users also investigated in this research. Methodology:The research conducted in a qualitative approach with content analysis method using MaxQDA V. 10 to investigate the experiences of 37 users of Papirus, Pars Azarakhsh and Sana DLs. In this study, the difficulties or deficiencies and demands or expectations of users considered in relation with their Hierarchical Value Map (HVM). The sample of the study selected by snowball sampling method. Credibility of the research verified with member checking and peer debriefing methods. Finally, the content of the interview analyzed in order to identify the main concepts and related thematic categories. Findings:Customers and their knowledge considered as one of the most important organizational assets and an essential element of competitive advantage. In fact, this knowledge gained from within and outside the organization is the core capital and critical value. This is important because the customers and their knowledge considered as one of the most important organizational assets and an essential element of competitive advantage. Customer knowledge gained from their experience in the process of using a product or service. There are variety of approaches to elicit the experience and knowledge of the customers or stakeholders which analysis of cognitive structure is one of these approaches deeply deals with the experience and knowledge of individuals. Cognitive structure encompasses users’ emotions, mental images, views, beliefs and values in using a product or service. In this research Means-End Theory (MET) applied which is rarely used in information systems. Discussion: Findings showed that the most important undesirable experiences of interacting with the DLs summarized in several dimensions: resource retrieval, display of search results, and process in searching the resources. In addition, displaying search results and search capabilities, additional features and services, linking resources to libraries were among the most important favorable experiences that users expected from DLs. The relationship between deficiencies and expectations depicted in HVM. Their values were correct selection, retrieval, and access to the full text information resources. The results of this study showed that this part of the user experience should considered by the designers of DLs in order to better design of these systems to provide more value to all stakeholders.
