مطالعات کتابداری و علم اطلاعات

شماره جاری

بر اساس شماره‌های نشریه

بر اساس نویسندگان

بر اساس موضوعات

نمایه نویسندگان

نمایه کلیدواژه ها

درباره نشریه

اهداف و چشم انداز

اعضای هیات تحریریه

اصول اخلاقی انتشار مقاله

فرایند پذیرش مقالات

بانک ها و نمایه نامه ها

پیوندهای مفید

پرسش‌های متداول

اشتراک نشریه

شرایط و ضوابط ارسال مقاله

فرم ها

راهنمای تنظیم مقاله

داوران

اثربخشی قصه‌خوانی گروهی بر همدلی و نوع‌دوستی دختران پیش‌دبستانی: گزارش یک پژوهش شبه تجربی

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد علم اطلاعات و دانش شناسی دانشگاه رازی

2 استادیار گروه علم اطلاعات و دانش شناسی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

3 استادیار گروه مشاوره دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

چکیده

هدف: هدف این پژوهش بررسی تأثیر قصه ­خوانی گروهی بر افزایش همدلی و نوع­ دوستی کودکان پیش ­دبستانی با رویکرد مثبت­ نگر بود.
روش ­شناسی: روش پژوهش حاضر از نوع شبه ­تجربی است که در آن از طرح پیش ­آزمون و پس ­آزمون با گروه کنترل استفاده شده است. جامعه آماری عبارت بود از کلیه دخترانی که در سال تحصیلی 98-99 در مقطع پیش­ دبستانی شهر کرمانشاه. نمونه مورد بررسی از نوع دردسترس بود که شامل 20 کودک که به صورت تصادفی در دو گروه 10 نفره آزمایش و گواه قرار گرفتند. ابزار گردآوری داده ­ها پرسش نامه ­های همدلی بهروتحلیل آیونگ و همکاران (2009) (فرم والدین) و نوع­ دوستی گودمن و همکاران (1997) (فرم والدین) بود.
یافته ­ها: نتایج نشان داد در گروه آزمایش، بین نمرات پس­آزمون در متغیرهای همدلی و نوع­دوستی تفاوت معناداری وجود داشت اما بین نمرات پیش­آزمون-پس­آزمون گروه گواه تفاوت معنادار نبود.
نتیجه ­گیری: با توجه به نتایج به ­دست ­آمده قصه­ خوانی می ­تواند موجب ارتقای حس همدلی و نوع ­دوستی کودکان و همچنین بهبود عملکرد آنان در این زمینه شده که از آن می­توان در فضاهای آموزشی و بالینی به عنوان یک روش آموزشی و در عین حال سرگرم کننده بهره گرفت. قصه­ گویی می­ تواند به عنوان یکی از این شیوه­ های غیرمستقیم ابزار نیرومندی در کلیه روابط انسانی و اجتماعی، آموزش و پرورش و درمان می­باشد و چه بسا داستان­ های با مفاهیم اجتماعی بتوانند به طور موفقیت­ آمیزی برای رفع انواع نیازهای روحی و اجتماعی و برای درک بهتر روابط از جمله روابط همدلانه، کنترل خشم و دیگر مفاهیم مهارت­های اجتماعی و اخلاقی مفید باشند.  

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effectiveness of Group Storytelling on Empathy and Kindness in Preschool Girls: Report of a semi-experimental research

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hadis Bagherian 1
  • Amin Zare 2
  • Mohsen Golmohammadian 3

1 M.A student, Department of Information science, Razi University

2 Assistant Professor, Department of in information Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran

3 Assistant Prof, Department of Consultation, Razi university, Kermanshah, Iran

چکیده [English]

Background and Objectives: The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of group reading of stories on increasing empathy and altruism of preschool children with a positive approach. The hypotheses of the current research were:

Group storytelling has an effect on strengthening the empathy spirit of preschool girls in Kermanshah.
Group storytelling is effective in strengthening the spirit of altruism of preschool girls in Kermanshah.

Methodology: To conduct this research, a quasi-experimental method was used with the subject and control group. The statistical population consisted of all the girls who attended preschool in Kermanshah in the academic year 98-99. The investigated sample was of the available type, which included 20 children who were randomly divided into two groups of 10 people, test and control. The data collection tool was Ayung et al.'s (2009) empathy questionnaires (parent form) and Goodman et al.'s (1997) altruism questionnaires (parent form). Due to the fact that the questionnaires of empathy, analysis by Ayung et al. (2009) and altruism by Goodman et al. (1997) are standard. Therefore, their validity has already been established and does not need to be proven again. In order to test the reliability of the questionnaires used in this research, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used, so that the Cronbach's alpha coefficient for empathy and altruism variables was calculated through SPSS statistical software and if If the obtained alpha value is more than 0.7, the questionnaires have good reliability. Table No. 1 shows Cronbach's alpha coefficient of both questionnaires. In this research, descriptive statistics of indicators such as frequency distribution table, mean, standard deviation, maximum difference, maximum and minimum, and inferential statistics from Yeoman-Whitney analysis method for empathy and altruism variables in SPSS software. used.
Findings: The findings showed that in the experimental group, there was a significant difference between post-test scores in empathy and altruism variables, but there was no significant difference between pre-test-post-test scores in the control group. The findings showed that in the pre-test and before the story-telling sessions, the altruism component was almost the same in both experimental and control groups, then after the storytelling sessions in the experimental group, there were changes in the mean variable scores. We are altruistic that these changes do not exist in the control group, hence we come to the conclusion that storytelling has an effect on the empathy variable in the experimental group and the hypothesis is confirmed.
Discussion: According to the obtained results, storytelling can promote the sense of empathy and altruism of children and also improve their performance in this field, which can be used in educational and clinical settings as He used an educational and at the same time fun method. According to the confirmation of research hypotheses, it can be concluded that group storytelling is effective on empathy and altruism of preschool girls in Kermanshah. Therefore, based on Bandura's socio-cognitive theory, storytelling can be considered as a suitable and effective tool for improving children's morale and behavior, which should be used in indirect education since childhood.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Group storytelling
  • empathy
  • kindness
  • preschooler
مراجع
Ahmadi, C., (2009). The Study of Kindness in Everyday Social Relationships and its Affecting Factors. Iranian Sociology, (10) 2, 87-108. [In Persian]
Alavi Gonabadi, J. (2010). Religious life skills (self awareness, empathy and problem solving). Mashhad: Islamic Azad University of Razavi. [In Persian]
Ali Akbari, M., Aliipour, A., Doranjafishirazi, M. (2014). The Effectiveness of Storytelling on the Elements of Mental Intelligence in Preschool Children in Isfahan. Social Cognition, (3) 2, 33-43. [In Persian]
Amirazadi, M., (2015). The Impact of Storytelling on Preschool Children 's Social Skills. M.Sc.  Thesis, Islamic Azad University of Marvdasht, Faculty of Education and Psychology. [In Persian]
Bandura, A. (1992). Human agency in social cognitive theory. NewYork: W.H. Freeman.
Baron, A.  & Byrne, D. (2007). Social psychology baston allyn and baco.
Beaman, A. Barnes, P, J. Klentz, B. & McQuirk, B. (1978). Increasing helping rates Through information dissemination: teaching pays, Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 4: 406-411.
Borba, M. (2008). Building moral intelligence: The seven essential virtues that teach children to do the right thing. USA: National Educator Award, National council of Self-esteem: Jossey- Bass.
Chimienti, G., & Trilivas, S. (1995). Cognitive and behavioral effects of social skills training on Greek and Lebanese elementary-school children.
Fairbairn, G. J. (2005). Storytelling, ethics and empathy. The International Journal of Communication Ethics. (2)3, 48-55.
Frei, A. (2013). Moral Classrooms, Moral Children: Creating a Constructivist Atmosphere in Early Education. Childhood Education, 89(6), 397-398.
Gharebaghi, F., Agilar-Vafai, M., alahyari, A., & Bahrami E., H. (2012). Investigating the Independent and Concurrent Role of Parental Conflict and Child Creation in Predicting Child Friendly Behavior. Journal of Counseling and Psychotherapy, (1), 590-490. [In Persian]
Ismaili Beigi, M., Behjat Ardakani, F., Rezapourmir Saleh, Y. & Niazi, S. (2017). The Effectiveness of Family Ethics Teaching by Storytelling Based on Religious and Quranic Tales on the Ethical Intelligence and Emotional Intelligence of Adolescent Girls. Women and Family Cultural and Educational Quarterly. (12) 42, 7-22. [In Persian]
Jafari Mofardat Taheri, M. M. (2008). The effect of storytelling on social skills training of 6 years old children in Kashan. M.Sc. Thesis, Allameh Tabatabai University, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences. [In Persian]
Jahanbin, M. (2015). The Effectiveness of Group Storytelling on Theory of Mind and Empathy in Aggressive Primary School Children in Semirem 2015. M.Sc., Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht Branch, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology. [In Persian]
Johnson, M. (2007). The art of therapeutic storytelling. Minnesota association for childrens mental helth adolescent psychology, 40 (20), 191-203
Kahrizeh, M., Rezaian Faraji, H., Zandiipour, T. (2018). The effect of storytelling on moral intelligence and its components in elementary school girl students. Journal of Mental Health, 2 (5) 2, 72-83. [In Persian]
Karimi, N., Mehrafzone, D., Jafari, A. (2017). The Effect of Storytelling on Life Skills Training in Elementary Students' Creativity. Journal of Initiative and Creativity in the Humanities, (7) 3, 149-166. [In Persian]
Karimi, Yousef (2002). Social Psychology. Tehran: Arasbaran Publications. [In Persian]
Kiang, L., Moreno, A. J., & Robinson, J. L. (2004). Maternal preconceptions about parenting predict child temperament, maternal sensitivity, and children’s empathy. Developmental Psychology, 40, 1081-1092.
Latane, B. & Darley, J. M. (1970). The Unresponsive Bystander, Why Doesn’t Help? New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, p 15
Lippa, R. (1994). Introduction to social psychology.  California, brooks/cole   publishing company.
predict child temperament, maternal sensitivity, and children’s empathy. Developmental Psychology, 40, 1081-1092.
Rahimi, M. & Yousefi, F. (2010). The role of family communication patterns in children's
          empathy and self-restraint. Family Research Quarterly, (6) 24, 433-447. [In Persian]
Sheikh Ahmadi, F. (2015). The Impact of Empathy-Based Storytelling on Social Skills. M.Sc. Thesis, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences.
Sprafkin, J. N. Liebert, R. M. Poulos, R. W. (1975). Effects of a Prosocial televised example on children helping. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 20: 119-126.
Suleiman Nejad, A. & Soodi, H. (2014). The Effect of Social Skills Education through Quranic Stories on Children. Psychology and Religion, 2 (7) 2, 97-81. [In Persian]
Tanrikulu, I. (2011). Self-help books and Bibliotherapy, Reflections for Turkey, (30): 1862 1866.
Villegas de Posada, C., & Vargas-Trujillo, E. (2015). Moral reasoning and personal behavior: A meta-analytical review.
Yaali, Fatima and Georgian, Yousef (2016). The Effectiveness of Moral Intelligence by Storytelling on Increasing the Altruistic Behaviors of Preschool Boys in Najafabad in 95-94. Fifth National Conference on Psychology, Counseling and Social Work, Khomeini Shahr Islamic Azad University, Khomeini Branch City. [In Persian]
Yavand Hassani, A., Farahbakhsh, K., Shafi'abadi, A. (2014). The Effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy and Storytelling Therapy on Reducing Adolescent Behavioral Disorders. Clinical Psychology Research & Counseling, (4) 1, 71-94. [In Persian]
مطالعات کتابداری و علم اطلاعات
دوره 14، شماره 4
دی 1401
صفحه 1-16
فایل ها
هم رسانی
ارجاع به این مقاله
آمار