Original Article
Maryam Parsaeian; Nosrat Riahi nia; Somaye Sadat Akhshik; Mohammad Hasanzadeh
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The EFQM Business Excellence Model is a valuable management model that plays a prominent role in the excellence of the quality of services provided by various organizations and institutions. Certainly, utilizing this pattern in academic libraries can enhance the quality and ...
Read More
Background and Objectives: The EFQM Business Excellence Model is a valuable management model that plays a prominent role in the excellence of the quality of services provided by various organizations and institutions. Certainly, utilizing this pattern in academic libraries can enhance the quality and service of academic libraries and ultimately cause the growth and development of scientific and research in universities. The main purpose of the present study is to provide an organizational excellence model appropriate to these types of libraries by identifying and accurately weighing the nine criteria of organizational excellence model with Iranian academic libraries. This research was conducted to answer the following questions:
1. What is the weight of the enabling criteria of the EFQM Business Excellence Model in Iranian academic libraries?
2. What is the weight of the results criteria of the EFQM Business Excellence Model in Iranian academic libraries?
3. Does the modified EFQM Business Excellence Model fit into the conditions of Iranian academic libraries?
4. What is the status of enabling and results criteria of the model adapted in Iranian academic libraries?
Methodology: This research was an applied research which used a survey method and a combined approach in gathering data (in two qualitative and quantitative stages) using a Delphi panel and a questionnaire. The research community in the qualitative section included 8 members of Delphi panel. The Results of the two-round Delphi technique was the EFQM questionnaire. Validity or credibility of the questionnaire was confirmed by Delphi technique based on experts' opinions. Also, the Cronbach's alpha for the 9 criteria of the EFQM Business Excellence Model Obtained above. /7. The community of the quantitative part of the research were the managers of Iranian academic libraries. The questionnaire was distributed among 126 of the managers of the academic libraries, in order to comment on the importance of each of the sub criteria in assessing the quality of academic library services in a continuum 1 to 5 points. Finally, 93 questionnaires was collected as the basis for data analyzing. Factor Score Regression with Bootstrap-p method used in AMOS v. 23 to analyze the data.
Findings: The findings showed that the modified EFQM Business Excellence Model in this study is well-suited to the requirements of Iranian academic libraries and can be proposed for all Iranian academic libraries as a qualitative model. All the principles necessary to improve the quality of libraries are proportionate according to the situation and conditions of academic libraries in Iran. Also, according to the findings, the enabling criteria make up a total of 62% of the weight structure of the modified EFQM Business Excellence Model, While 38% of the weight structure of the modified model is assigned to the results criteria. Also, according to the findings, the average status of the enabling and results criteria at 95% confidence level have a significant difference with the average level (3). In other words, the criteria of the EFQM Business Excellence Model are at desirable level and can be used to measure the performance of Iranian academic libraries.
Discussion: The results of the research showed that the modified EFQM Business Excellence Model can be recommended for all academic libraries in Iran as a qualitative model because all the principles necessary for improving the quality of libraries are adapted according to to the status and conditions of the academic libraries in Iran. The results also showed that for quality excellence in academic libraries enabling criteria is more important than the results. Among the enabling criteria, provision of appropriate processes, resources and information services for users can have more value in the quality excellence of academic libraries. Also, among the results criteria, achieving and maintaining excellent results by academic libraries along with their mother organization's strategy is important for managers of these libraries and can be of great importance to the quality excellence of the library services. Finally, the correspondence between the status of enabling measures and results in the modified EFQM Business Excellence Model showed that all the enabling and results criteria are essential for achieving a level of excellence in academic libraries and can be used by managers of Iranian academic libraries. Therefore the modified EFQM Business Excellence model, which is developed by the guidance of the professors and Delphi members comment and is weighted by the managers of Iranian academic libraries, can be considered as a functional and comprehensive model for all types of academic libraries.
Original Article
zohreh Cheraghi; Farideh Osareh; Hajar Sotudeh
Abstract
Abstract Background and Objectives: Most of the budget and revenues of each country are spent on research and development processes in order to achieve scientific progress. But the success of each country in achieving this goal is not simply measurable. Evaluation of scientific achievements is ...
Read More
Abstract Background and Objectives: Most of the budget and revenues of each country are spent on research and development processes in order to achieve scientific progress. But the success of each country in achieving this goal is not simply measurable. Evaluation of scientific achievements is based on two main pillars of quantity and quality. The purpose of this study is to investigate the status of citation competition of Iranian researchers' articles in national journals and identify Iranian core journals in the three groups of citation core journals, publishing core journals and Matthew core journals. Methodology: The present study was a citation analysis one. The sample was consists of scientific articles of the top five universities in Iran. The sample size includes 49328 articles that have been published in 6658 journals. Since the data of this research is taken from Scopus citation database, instead of using the impact factor index, the "journal cite score" is used to show the journal citation impact. The cite score of each journal shows the average number of citations per article over a three-year period for each journal, so it can be used as the expected value for all articles in that journal. For this purpose, in this study, to calculate the number of citations expected for each journal. In this study, core journals were divided into three groups. The first group is Publishing Core Magazines (PCJ), the second group is Citation Core Magazines (CCJ) and the third group is Matthew Core Magazines (MCJ); These are journals that contain half of Iran's articles, journals that contain half of the citations received by Iran, and journals that contain half of Matthew's citations (either positive or negative) in Iran. Findings: Researchers in the study sample have published in a total of 6658 journals, which includes a total of 49328 articles. With the condition of publishing at least ten articles from Iran in the five years under review for each journal, 994 journals remained as a collection of national journals in Iran. The number of journals in the collection of national journals of Iran (994 journal titles) is only 15% of the total journals (6658 journal titles) that Iranian researchers have selected to publish the article during the five years of study. It is noteworthy that this small percentage of journals, more than half of the articles (55.64%) and up to 70% of the total citations. This information indicates the importance of these journals and the concentration of a large number of articles and citations in a small group of journals. Among the core journals, Matthew Negative Nuclear Magazines is the largest group, accounting for 193 journals and nearly 20% of the total INJS journals. After that, the group of publishing core journals (182 journals) and citation core journals (107 journals) had the largest number of journals, respectively. Matthew Core Negative Magazines, on the other hand, have the lowest number of citations in the period under review, despite having the highest number of journals. This indicates that there are a large number of journals in the collection of national journals of Iran that have not had a proper visibility for Iranian articles. But the positive group of Matthew Core Magazines, which is the smallest group of Core Magazines, despite the very small number of magazines (only 14 titles), but accounted for approximately 11% of the total citations. The main feature of these magazines is that they have been able to occupy half of the citations of Matthew in Iranian magazines. Discussion: A review of the collections of core journals showed that more than half of the journals do not belong to any of the core groups. On the other hand, in this study, it was found that Matthew core positive journals, the journals that contain half of the citation performance of Iranian articles, are only 14 titles. Perhaps by adopting better publishing strategies and offering advice to Iranian scientists, the number of these journals can be increased. Recently, Iran has always had brilliant rankings in number of articles, so that sometimes it has even surpassed the global growth rate. However, a review of the core journals shows that these journals have not performed well in obtaining citations and credibility, and a large group of them are in the group of negative Matthew core journals (49 titles). This shows that the increase in quantity and number of articles does not necessarily lead to an increase in citation and scientific credibility. Therefore, it is better to choose solutions to increase the visibility of scientific works so that in parallel with increasing the number of articles, appropriate recognition can be received. In general, it seems that the adoption of appropriate research and publishing strategies, as well as the selection of a strong and credible journal, is necessary to improve the citation performance of Iranian articles in the field of scientific competition. Obviously, this does not happen overnight and requires the design and implementation of appropriate short-term and long-term scientific development programs. Ideally, a country magazine collection should be the most reputable collection. However, for countries with poor scientific infrastructure, this may in itself be detrimental; because the acceptance process and, consequently, the quantity of their products affects. Therefore, such systems can, as a suitable alternative, seek to find a set with more visible chances (Sotoudeh, 2011).
Original Article
Alireza Isfandyarimoghaddam; Mehdi Alipour-Hafezi
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Cloud computing technology is one of the emerging technologies that is going to transform managing and using information in the web and other information basis. This technology will change information managers’ approach in sharing information in data warehouses. Through ...
Read More
Background and Objectives: Cloud computing technology is one of the emerging technologies that is going to transform managing and using information in the web and other information basis. This technology will change information managers’ approach in sharing information in data warehouses. Through using this technology in academic libraries, especially in digital academic libraries, we can save users’ time, and also help them to access their resources in short time in anywhere and every time. In a word, academic libraries, by using this technology, can make use of other library digital materials in the remote manner and without any ownership, so this is the mean of access to the resources by everyone in every time and every place. By using this kind of useful technology in the important and high level kind of Library and Information Science center (Academic Libraries), we can reach to the new kind of Library, names "Cloud Library". Cloud library is the library that is different from other traditional libraries, in goal and also applications, and even in kind of librarians. In this regard the main purpose of this study is to identify the current status of applying cloud computing technology in digital academic library researches in order to extract research gaps, and to represent their applied research methods. Methodology: Systematic review has developed as a specific methodology for searching for, appraising and synthesizing findings of primary studies, and has rapidly become a cornerstone of the evidence-based practice and policy movement. And also systematic review methodology can be distinguished from narrative reviews of the literature through its emphasis on transparent, structured and comprehensive approaches to searching the literature and its requirement for formal synthesis of research findings. Also this method, based on the steps that introduced by Kitchenham and Charters, is used to do this study. In fact researchers in this study traversed three main steps entitled survey design, literature review, and writing survey report. Factually, 9 distinctive works had done to do this study. In this regard, researchers tried to identify related resources and deeply studied them after filtering unrelated resources. Reading titles, abstracts and in a few cases reading introduction and conclusions helped us to extract some irrelevant resources that were retrieved in the search stage. Afterwards the remained studied resources were clustered in 3 clusters entitled cloud computing technology acceptance and security, problems and challenges, application of cloud computing in academic libraries. Findings: The findings showed that in total, 28 works, including 10 internal and 18 external works in the field of cloud computing and digital library have been published so far. Of these 28, the largest percentage of research is on the impact of cloud computing on library management and services, with 32%. Factors affecting cloud computing acceptance are at 28%, and the three areas are "Security, Problems and Challenges of Cloud Computing", "Cloud Computing in Academic Libraries", and "Cloud Libraries", with 11% each. Lower (third). Finally, the lower-level (fourth) domain of "cloud computing in digital libraries" has received 7% of research attention. Finally, the area of "cloud computing in academic digital libraries", which also represents the current research gap, is at the bottom of the list with no research (zero percent). Other findings of the study can be attributed to the research methodology which indicates that most of the research in the field of cloud computing has been done in digital and academic libraries with a quantitative approach of 25 cases and a survey method of 11 cases out of 25; Few studies have been conducted in 3 cases using a qualitative approach or a hybrid approach. Discussion: Research in the field of cloud computing in academic digital libraries has shown that the field is still young and needs to be intentioned by the researchers interested in this field. On the other hand, the research methodology showed that using quantitative approach and using survey method in the studies of the researchers showed that this research method has the most importance in research. Finally, the research gap, namely, "Cloud computing in academic digital libraries" has not been interested by researchers, so it is hoped that this project will be a good start to pursue the present research field and eliminate the barriers to using cloud computing technology in academic digital libraries.
Original Article
Shahnaz Khademizadeh; mahnaz kamaei
Abstract
Background and objective: Nowadays, one of the most important indicators for evaluation of scientific institutions, especially universities, is the number of articles indexed by these institutions in citation databases. One of the main tools for evaluation of scientific production is scientometrics. ...
Read More
Background and objective: Nowadays, one of the most important indicators for evaluation of scientific institutions, especially universities, is the number of articles indexed by these institutions in citation databases. One of the main tools for evaluation of scientific production is scientometrics. In fact, it is possible to identify indicators for assessing the status of research in university and its scientific productivity through scientometrics. Due to the importance of science production in universities and the necessity of measuring the amount of scientific output for comparison of universities at national level, this research tries to measure the scientific output of Shahid Chamran University of Ahwaz at Web of Science database in 2000 to 2016, assess the scientific status of Shahid Chamran University of Ahwaz and then draw on the key clusters of the university and interpret them through Hist software. It thus clarifies the role of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, which is one of the oldest universities of Iran, in scientific production of the country. Therefore, considering the importance of scientific production in the world, the most important question is how much is the contribution of scholars of Shahid Chamran University of Ahwaz to science production at national and international levels in SCI, SSCI, A&HCI How is the collaboration of the authors of Shahid Chamran University at national and international levels in producing scientific evidence? Moreover, the thematic clusters and the historiography map of the scientific production of this university will be drawn through HIST Site software. Many studies have been carried out to measure scientific productions in field of scientometrics both inside and outside the country. In general, research in the field of scientometrics is so widespread and from various dimensions to the study of the status of scientific products, which, although all under the heading of science, but the factors are different in them. Some of these studies have examined the status of scientific production in a particular geographic area, such as Gomes and colleagues (1995), Mang, Ho and Liu (2006), Extract and Wilson (2003 and 2004), and Nonfiction 1381), each of which deals with the scientific production of a particular country. Some other researches, regardless of geographic location, have examined scientific publications in a specific field, such as Extract (2006), which explores the possibility of international co-authorship in the production of knowledge in the subject of astronomy, and also in 1996 studying and comparing scientific publications in developing countries. Methodology: The present research is descriptive-analytic and has been done using scientometric method. The research community is all scientific publications related to the authors of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz on the Web site of Science and Technology in 2000-2016. The approach used in this study is based on the use of bibliographic information and citation analysis of articles indexed on the science web site in the time frame in question. In other words, in this research, the name of the author, title, publication status, and also the amount of citations the received data is used to analyze scientific production of researchers and also to draw up a scientific map of this university. Therefore, using this scientific approach of Shahid Chamran University of Ahwaz, using the citations and group collaboration in these documents, various bibliographic components of this field of research and analysis are presented. The statistical population of the study was 2932 documents available on the science web site. By searching for Iran and limiting it to the name of Shahid Chamran University of Ahwaz in the period 2000 to 2016, among the citation indexes of the sciences, Social Sciences Citation Index and Arts and Humanities Citation Index were obtained. Findings: The findings of this study showed that Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz with 2932 degrees is ranked 30th, which is not suitable for other universities. It is recommended that officials of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz take measures to increase this amount of production. One way of increasing scientific production is to encourage faculty members, especially in fields where production is less than other disciplines. It is also possible to increase the scientific output of the university by creating more graduate courses and, consequently, raising the university's rank. Discussion: It seems that the officials of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, with reverence for the members of the faculty, can encourage other members to produce world science. Of course, it should be noted that university planning and policies based on different disciplines should be different and for all groups you cannot act in one form.
Original Article
Abbas Doulani; Mitra Shakori; Masoumeh Karbala Aghaei Kamran
Abstract
Abstract Background and Objectives: The purpose of this research is to investigate the type of organizational culture governing the public libraries of East Azarbaijan province and evaluate its relation with user satisfaction. Methodology: The present research is a descriptive-analytical method. Two ...
Read More
Abstract Background and Objectives: The purpose of this research is to investigate the type of organizational culture governing the public libraries of East Azarbaijan province and evaluate its relation with user satisfaction. Methodology: The present research is a descriptive-analytical method. Two tools have been used to collect the information needed in this research.Cameron & Quinn Organizational Culture Questionnaire: In this tool, the respondents of the questionnaire must use the allocation of definite numbers (zero to 100) to identify the four types of cultures in this model regarding the characteristics of the existing and desired culture of the organization. Respond. Organizational Culture Assessment Questionnaire (OCAI) has been widely used in many organizations since 1999 and its widespread results, model validity and organizational culture assessment tools used in this study. The evaluation of organizational culture by a questionnaire including 24 questions.User satisfaction questionnaire: The questionnaire included 11 questions about library equipment, 29 questions for public services (trust and reference and information), 6 questions related to special services, 15 resource questions, 5 questions related to publications and 7 questions related to the librarian's performance, which is a total of 73 questions and measures the satisfaction of library users from very low to very high. All questions in these sections are closed and based on the scale of a 5-value spectrum (Likert) of the option ("very high" to "very low"). In order to obtain the validity of the instrument, the experts' opinions were used so that the measuring instruments were sent to 15 experts from the field and their views were applied to the questionnaires. To measure the reliability of the measurement tools, the Cronbach's alpha formula was used to complete the 30 questionnaires from each population of the study population. Cronbach's alpha was estimated at 84%. Descriptive statistics (frequency, frequency, mean and standard deviation) were used to analyze the data. Inferential statistics including Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis tests, Pearson correlation were used to determine the significant differences. To do this, use the software SPSS Version 20 has been used. User satisfaction questionnaire: The questionnaire included 11 questions about library equipment, 29 questions for public services (trust and reference and information), 6 questions related to special services, 15 resource questions, 5 questions related to publications and 7 questions related to the librarian's performance, which is a total of 73 questions and measures the satisfaction of library users from very low to very high. Findings: To identify the organizational culture of the template in the public libraries of East Azarbaijan province (research question), use of Cameron and Quinn models Became Using a competing value framework, they defined four types of organizational culture: family culture (tribal, cooperative, or cooperative), specialist culture (adhocracy), market-based culture and hierarchical culture. Cameron and Quinn also introduced the "Organizational Culture Assessment Tool" that was used to measure, evaluate and identify the relative superiority of the four types of cultures in the organization. To assess each type of organizational culture in this tool, six general criteria are used as follows: organizational characteristics, organizational leadership, employee management, organizational integrity, emphasis and focus on organizational strategy and success criteria. The first hypothesis of the research investigates the desirable situation and the existing status of organizational culture among librarians of public libraries in East Azarbaijan province regarding the existence or absence of significant differences. Based on the results of the research, the result of the test showed that there is a significant difference between the desired situation and the existing status of organizational culture among librarians of the public libraries of the East Azarbaijan. Regarding the second hypothesis of the research, there is a relationship between the organizational cultures governing the public libraries of the East Azarbaijan province with the user’s satisfaction. According to the research findings, Spearman correlation test with correlation coefficient of 0.176 and significance of 0.015 showed that there is a significant relationship between user satisfaction and type of organizational culture. Discussion: According to the results, librarians are more likely to be part of a group organizational culture. This kind of organizational culture (family) focuses on internal issues, but as stated above, freedom of action in values is more than stability and control. In this culture, organization management is through teamwork, partnership, and general agreement. In family culture, organization management is through teamwork, partnership, and general agreement. Teamwork communication and lack of hierarchy are the hallmarks of working units. More people are members of a family than members of a business organization, and this conclusion suggests that, according to librarians of public libraries, employees want to do things in a team and with a general agreement.
Original Article
Amin Zare
Abstract
Background and Objectives: One of the most important variables in the success of any organization is observance of ethics in general and professional ethics in particular. Professional ethics is the organization's communication behavior with the environment based on rights, obligations and duties. Laws ...
Read More
Background and Objectives: One of the most important variables in the success of any organization is observance of ethics in general and professional ethics in particular. Professional ethics is the organization's communication behavior with the environment based on rights, obligations and duties. Laws and principles in the librarian practice usually refer to practices that are expected to be professional goals, purposes, and requirements. The purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which librarians at the Astan Qods Razavi Libraries are familiar with the principles of professional ethics with respect to age, experience, their job, education level, job specialty, gender, position and employment status. The research sought to answer the following questions: What is the extent to which librarians in libraries affiliated with Astan Qods Razavi are familiar with the professional ethics of librarianship and ethical charter? How is the knowledge of librarians of Astan Qods Razavi libraries based on prioritizing the principles of professional ethics (responsibility towards their respective organization, self, profession, colleagues, users, professionals in other disciplines)? Is there a significant relationship between the variables of age and level of education and the level of librarians' familiarity with Astan Qods Razavi Libraries and the professional ethics of librarianship? Are there any significant differences between different groups of librarians in Astan Qods Razavi Libraries in terms of gender and marital orientation? Research questions are: What is the extent to which librarians in libraries affiliated with Astan Quds Razavi are familiar with the professional ethics of librarianship? How is the knowledge of librarians of Astan Quds Razavi libraries based on prioritizing the principles of professional ethics (responsibility towards relevant organization, self, profession, colleagues, users, professionals in other disciplines)? Is there a significant correlation between the variables of age and level of education and the level of librarians' familiarity with Astan Quds Razavi Libraries and the professional ethics of librarianship? Is there a significant difference between different groups of librarians in Astan Quds Razavi libraries on gender and marital orientation? Methodology: The present study was a descriptive one and was conducted by using the survey method. The research population consisted of all librarians of Astan Qods Razavi libraries including 152 librarians from 43 libraries. A questionnaire was designed by researchers to collect the research data. In addition to demographic questions, 63 closed-ended questions based on the five-point Likert scale were used. The validity of the questionnaire was assessed by experts and some experts' opinions and Cronbach's alpha was used to calculate the reliability of the questionnaire. Due to the limited population of the study, sampling was avoided and census method was used. Therefore, 152 questionnaires were sent to the research community through administrative automation, of which 120 questionnaires were completed and returned. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. SPSS software version 20 and MS Excel spreadsheet software were used. Findings: The findings of this study showed that librarians of libraries affiliated to Astan Qods Razavi have little knowledge of professional ethics. This may be due to the lack of attention given by the authorities to professional ethics or even to a mere focus on ethical standards in general and a lack of attention to the professional ethics of librarianship. The findings of the present study also indicated that there is a significant correlation between demographic variables such as age, level of education, and familiarity with professional ethics of Astan Qods Razavi librarians. And the positive direction of the relationship showed that with increasing age and level of education, librarians in Astan Qods Razavi libraries would increase their professional ethics and its components, and older people would be more familiar with younger and more educated people. There is a higher level of professional ethics than lower educated people. Discussion: The results of prioritizing the professional ethics components from the librarian's point of view showed that responsibility towards the profession was in the first priority, self-responsibility in the second priority, responsibility toward society in the third and responsibility toward organization ranked in forth priority. There is a higher level of professional ethics than lower educated people. This may mean increasing the level of familiarity with professional ethics within the mentioned community, which may be influenced by some of the workshops that may be held at Astan Quds Razavi or dealing with people with experience and transferring their experiences to librarians. It has made them more familiar with the components of professional ethics in librarianship within the research community.
Original Article
maryam Shamsaei
Abstract
Background and Objectives: At the beginning of knowledge transfer, knowledge of the organization and its resources (including explicit and implicit knowledge of individuals, databases, documentation and literature) should be identified and stored properly after acquisition. Then, in order to ensure that ...
Read More
Background and Objectives: At the beginning of knowledge transfer, knowledge of the organization and its resources (including explicit and implicit knowledge of individuals, databases, documentation and literature) should be identified and stored properly after acquisition. Then, in order to ensure that existing knowledge is not kept intact, it must be shared among people, which is known as the sharing of knowledge. Knowledge sharing is a process in which people share their knowledge to create new knowledge. The last step in the knowledge management is knowledge transfer. One of the important factors in the survival of organizations is the quality of human resource empowerment. In other words, the importance of human resources is much more than new technologies, financial and material resources. That is, the main difference between organizations must be knowledge and ignorance, not property. The role of efficient, capable and intelligent human forces in realizing organizational goals is indisputable.The human resource as the source of knowledge of the organization is considered to be the most important, expensive and valuable asset of an organization. A powerful human force creates an empowered organization. An empowered organization is an environment in which employees collaborate in the activities of each other. Methodology: The present study was an applied and descriptive causal study. The sample consisted of 220 employees of Shohaday Khalij Fars hospital in Bushehr who were selected by simple random sampling. The data gathering tool was a researcher-made questionnaire designed based on the research of Szulanski (1996) among members of the research community. The questionnaire used in the research includes four components of knowledge source, knowledge receiver, and organizational context and knowledge characteristics. To analyze the data, one-sample T-test was used to answer the questions and Pearson correlation coefficient and regression tests were used to evaluate the research hypotheses. Findings: The findings showed the significance multiple relationship between the predictor variables of the source of knowledge, the knowledge receiver, the knowledge attributes and organizational context with the transfer of knowledge (p= 0/00). The test was significant and the multiple correlation of the above variables was 0.345and confirmed. In general, the results of this study indicated that from the source of knowledge, knowledge receivers, knowledge attributes, and organizational context, this is the source of knowledge that is more related to the transfer of knowledge and has attracted more attention from researchers. Therefore, it is recommended to conduct more and more research on each of the issues discussed. Discussion: The organization is a complex social system in the context of other systems of the society. Without knowing the social, traditional, and economic values of the society, the commentary on the performance and the organizational structure is a discussion that lacks the necessary prerequisites for scientific research because the organization is not separate from the cultural and traditional society context, is closely related to it, and this context is influenced by the human knowledge of the organization and enters into it with characteristics, habits, thoughts, traditions and behaviors, and gradually attributes them to the organization according to their own characteristics. Therefore, planning for knowledge management programs and transferring knowledge in each organization should also be considered in the specific context of that organization. Experienced forces and staff should be considered as one of the most important sources of knowledge transfer in any organization. Through their years of activity, they have gained groundbreaking experiences and planning to transfer these experiences to new forces should be the focus of knowledge management and knowledge transfer programs in each organization. Perhaps new employees are update in terms of theory and academic education, but in dealing with stress and job pressures in workplace including hospitals, experienced staff may overcome problems by the use of knowledge and vast experience. Therefore, the relationship between the barriers in the source of knowledge and the transfer of knowledge from the departmental authorities as the experienced forces to the newcomer and inexperienced personnel are among the relationships that everyone affirms. As stated, since individuals and organizations have different characteristics, they should be aware of these differences in knowledge transfer. Motivational incentives or penalties may be effective in persuading or not encouraging employees to share knowledge. Planning to institutionalize the organizational culture of knowledge transfer between its employees is one of the things that should be considered seriously about the characteristics of the recipient of knowledge.
Original Article
Mohamad Reza Behrangi; zeinab izadian; bijan abdollahi; Hasan Reza Zeinabadi
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The researchers and their researches need to be evaluated to recognize each one's strengths and weaknesses. Then, it is possible to invest and make scientific policy on long term goals as well as short term goals in this field. So far, several indices have been presented for ...
Read More
Background and Objectives: The researchers and their researches need to be evaluated to recognize each one's strengths and weaknesses. Then, it is possible to invest and make scientific policy on long term goals as well as short term goals in this field. So far, several indices have been presented for evaluating researchers, each of which merely emphasizes a particular aspect of evaluation, and each has its own deficiencies. Recently, a model has been proposed by Cuellar et al. (2016), titled "Scholarly capital model", which examines the various aspects of the scholarly activities of a researcher. They define the model of scholarly influence (scholarly capital model) as "the ability of a researcher to include his thoughts in the works of other researchers" or "the extent to which a researcher influences his own research field." They proposed three variables of social influence, intellectual influence and venue influence to evaluate the research. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the researches related to the field of distance education indexed on the Web of Science database using the scholarly capital model. Methodology: The present study is an applied study that has been conducted by researchers in the field of distance education studies based on the model of scholarly capital model through using existing approaches in the field of scientometrics and social network analysis. The data needed for research is extracted from the Web of Science database. The research population consists all the documents published in the field of distance education. The results of search strategy retrieved 31607 records from 1985 to 2016. By Using the Bibexcel software the data was synchronized. The co-authorship symmetric matrices, was extracted. Subsequently, using the UCINET software, the centrality indices were calculated. After analyzing all the indices by using Amos and Lisrel software, we examined and tested the research hypotheses and fitted the model. Also, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to check the normality of variables. Findings: The results of the first research hypothesis test indicate the direct and significant effect of the social influence on the ideational influence, and the hypothesis confirmed according to the path coefficient, 0.95 and t-statistic 45.9 at the 0.05 level. The structural equation modeling indices were used to fit the research model. Accordingly, the indices were estimated as follows: In the research model, K2 has degrees of freedom of 3.97 which is less than 5. Also, the root mean square error of the approximation is 0/032 and less than 0.08. Given that the incremental growth index, normed fit index, non-normed fit index and comparative fit index are higher than 0.90, then the model shows acceptable fit and also are confirmed. The results of the second hypothesis test show the direct and inevitable significant effect of the social influence on venue influence, and the hypothesis is confirmed with a path coefficient of 0.70 and a T-value of 27.12 at the 0.05 level. In order to fit the research model, the structural equation model is used to fit the indexes. Accordingly, the indices are estimated as follows: In the research model, the K2 value has degrees of freedom of 92.4 and less than 5. Also, the root mean square error of the approximation was 0.016 and less than 0.08. Given that the incremental fitness index , normed fit index , non-normed fit index , and comparative fit index are all higher than 0.90, so the model is acceptable and validated. The results of the third hypothesis test of research and structural relationships between the variables of the research model -using structural equation modeling- indicate the direct and inevitable significant effect of the venue influence on the ideational influence , with a path coefficient of 0.84 and a T-value of 5.93 at 0.05 level (because ((t)) is outside the range (1.96, -1.96). In order to fit the research model, the indices of the structural equation modeling were used. Accordingly, the indexes are estimated as follows: In the research model, the K2 value is 0.063 and less than 5. Also, the root mean square error of the approximation is 0.033 and less than 0.08. Given that the incremental growth index, normed fit index, non-normed fit index and comparative fit index are more than 0.90, then the model shows an acceptable fit and therefore is approved. Discussion: Using the data from the field of distance education studies, the researchers tested the of scholarly capital model. The results of data analysis in this research confirm the scholarly capita model and shows that there is a significant relationship between the variables of this research. The existence of this relationship can be due to the fact that researchers with stronger social interactions can contribute better than other researchers and may increase the quality of the works. Also they are in a better position in terms of co-authorship and its indices. Furthermore, the direct and significant effect of social influence on intellectual influence was confirmed by using structural equation modeling: social influence has a positive and significant effect on the ideational influence. The existence of such a relationship can be explained by the fact that researchers who have stronger social interactions can contribute better with other researchers and consequently may increase the quality of the works; hence, they are in a better position in terms of co-authorship and its indices. The results of structural modeling test also showed that there is a significant relationship between social influence indices and venue influence indices. In other words, higher researchers with higher social influence have better venue influence. The confirmation of the hypothesis between the variables of social influence and the venue influence is also largely justifiable, since a significant portion of the validity of each journal comes from scholars who send their research papers to those magazines, and if the quality of these studies is rich and appropriate, it absorbs citations and thus increases the credibility of the magazine. In general, it can be stated that the relationship between researchers and journals is bilateral and reciprocal; each one may add each other's credibility.
Original Article
raana kousari; Ali Hossein Ghasemi; Firoozeh Zare-Farashbandi; Sayed Javad Mirsaeed
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Indexing texts are one of the important tools that help researchers, scholars, students, searchers, and others who need documents with complete information in them researches. One of the benefits of credible indices is the high number of international referrals to these indices, ...
Read More
Background and Objectives: Indexing texts are one of the important tools that help researchers, scholars, students, searchers, and others who need documents with complete information in them researches. One of the benefits of credible indices is the high number of international referrals to these indices, which increases the visibility of these papers globally. As a result, it is possible to be cited with other papers and provide the opportunity to solve the content of the papers in the epistemological body of the scientific field related to their subject. The highest indices in the current division of the Ministry of Health are ISI, PubMed and Scopus. Given that valid indices have indicators for evaluating journals and accepting them, so the possibility of accepting various articles in indices based on the indicators that these indices apply can be different. Identifying the status and composition of papers indexed in the indices, while presenting an image of the orientation of the researchers in the methodology used in the research, can be an introduction to the study of the orientation of the incident in the content composition of the indices under consideration. Methodology: The population of this analytical cross-sectional study was all papers indexed at ISI, PubMed and Scopus bases with organizational affiliation of Ahwaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences and the 2015 publish date. The research sample was determined using a census method and 281 papers were included in the present study. Then, the status of the articles studied was studied with three factors: "type of study", "aim of the study" and "field and subject area", as well as the relationship between the methodological tend of the papers in the three factors mentioned with the probability of accepting papers in valid indices. The relationship between the methodological orientation of the two "aim" and "type of study" factors with the "field and subject area" was also examined. The descriptive statistics such as charts & etc were used andChi-square test by SPSS software was used for analyzing the data. Findings: Of the 281 entered papers in this research, the most papers were cross-sectional analytical (86 articles, 30.6%), and the smallest papers were case report (0 articles, 0%), the cohort (0 articles, 0%) and then systematic review (1 article, 0.4%). Also, the 3 international indices examined in terms of the type of study papers were oriented toward papers of a cross-sectional type. The highest number of studied papers were in the field of public health (37 studies, 13.2%), and the smallest number of studies were in the field of medical history, hospitals and health centers, medical profession (0 studies). Chi-square test determined the relationship between descriptive cross-sectional studies and general public health topics in the present study. Also, there was a meaningful statistical relationship between descriptive cross-sectional studies and the subject area of contagious diseases. A direct relationship between the aim of treatment and the subject area of the pathology in the studied papers was also confirmed by this test. Also, the Chi-square test between the papers aimed at treatment and the subject area of pharmacology has also shown a direct relationship. Finally, this test showed that there was a direct relationship between the prevention objective and the public health subject in the studies. Discussion: Assigning the most types of studies to cross-sectional studies can have many reasons, including the fact that researchers are more familiar with the stages of these studies, doing cross-sectional research is possible in many disciplines and groups at the university. On the other hand, each type of study has its own advantages and very few reports of cases, narrative review and systematic review, and the absence of a cohort study in the studied papers is not justified. In reviewed studies, the high number of studies aimed at treatment in the studies papers in this study itself is a strength point, however, the low number of articles aimed at prevention is one of the weaknesses of the university. One of the reasons that a large number of papers have been in public health subject area, is the multitude of related groups in the field. Also, in these groups, the number of professors and students is high and the research topics are very diverse. One of the reasons for the direct link between "public health" studies and "descriptive-cross-sectional" studies in the studied papers can be the nature of research in this regard. However, the public health area has received the largest number of articles in studied papers, the lack of systematic reviews and reviews in this subject area is unexpected. The results showed that the acceptance of clinical trials in international profiles was lower than other types of studies. Perhaps the credible international indices, due to the importance of clinical trials, would have a more rigorous line-up than other studies in accepting these studies.
Original Article
Public Libraries
faraj allah rahimi; javad pour karimi; seyedeh zahra salari; reza salehi
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Nowadays, public libraries by providing cultural, educational and scientific services to all groups of society, at urban and rural levels are considered as a main criteria for evaluating social welfare of nations. In analyzing social welfare criteria, the existence and extent ...
Read More
Background and Objectives: Nowadays, public libraries by providing cultural, educational and scientific services to all groups of society, at urban and rural levels are considered as a main criteria for evaluating social welfare of nations. In analyzing social welfare criteria, the existence and extent of development of public libraries are in the range of housing, education, employment and health are considered as one of the indicators of the countries' development. Reaching more users and readers and increasing their willingness to re-visit the library lead to increases the efficiency of public resources. Every library needs to provide good, efficient and effective services, given the growing competition between information systems and the diverse needs of libraries, libraries need to place special emphasis on quality of service to attract more users. And improve productivity. However, the productivity of libraries is influenced by users' perceptions and experiences of evaluating the library environment, available facilities, collection size, staff attitudes, and reading activities in the library. Parasuraman (1988) proposed a comprehensive model to evaluate service quality that recognized as an important tools, to identification the difference in perceptions of service provided and expectations of the public libraries. A review of past studies in this area indicates that researchers have also used the SERVQUAL model to provide a framework for library service quality assessment. Given that quality of service is examined through several indicators and sub-indicators, it is very appropriate to apply multi-criteria decision-making techniques to evaluate service quality through SERVQUAL model. Among the multi-criteria decision-making techniques, the DEMATEL method successfully illustrates the internal relationships between variables. This study aimed to identify the indicators of service quality assessment among public and university libraries in Ahvaz based on the SERVQUAL model and then examine the internal relationships between indicators and sub-indicators.
Methodology: This research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms data collection it's considered as a descriptive-exploratory. The statistical population of this study consisted of all supervisors and senior managers of public and university libraries in Ahwaz city with at least 10 years of experience and sufficient research experience. Using purposive sampling method, 45 people were selected and 31 of them were returned to correctly questionnaires, So that 13 people were from public libraries and 18 people were from libraries in universities. In this study, a questionnaire was used to measure the quality of librarian services. The questionnaire consists of 5 main indicators of the SERVQUAL model including tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, Assurance and empathy. Multi-criteria decision making techniques were used to analyze the data. All calculations for the DEMATEL method are performed using Microsoft Excel software features
Findings: The results showed that the indicators of empathy, tangibility and reliability are among the influential indicators, and the indicators of Assurance and Responsiveness are among the effectual indicators. All of the research indicators have impact on the responsiveness criteria, which indicates the importance of this criteria. Likewise, for each cluster all the calculations of the Casual and effectiveness of the components have been examined and the importance of each component has been calculated. In the indicator group, tangible sub-criteria (a4) " Materials associated with the services (such as pamphlets or statements) are visually ", In the Reliability subgroup (b3), "Library Suitable Services" and in the responsiveness index sub-criteria (c4) "Librarians are never too busy to respond to your requests" are considered the most influential indicators.
Discussion: Based on the results, the following research suggestions are offered to senior managers of public and university libraries in Ahvaz. Given the importance of the Assurance criteria, it is suggested that readers be provided with a sense of security when conducting exchanges with librarians so that librarians' behavior will improve a sense of trust in users and readers. Also, when librarians have sufficient knowledge to respond to readers and users, it improves the effectiveness of the Assurance components and ensures that readers will ultimately have a better assessment of the quality of service provided by the library. Responsiveness criteria is also very important. It is recommended that librarians provide services at a higher rate, giving users a sense that librarians are always looking to help them. Likewise, when responding to librarians without delay, it impacts and reinforces other components of responsiveness to ultimately give users and readers a better assessment of the quality of libraries.
Original Article
Habibollah roodsaz; Yousef Mohammadi Moghadam; farkhondeh salehi
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Over the years, electronic technologies, especially the Internet have had many advantages for the organization and its employees; however, new technologies such as the Internet have had negative consequences Such as reducing the level of productivity and Financial losses in ...
Read More
Background and Objectives: Over the years, electronic technologies, especially the Internet have had many advantages for the organization and its employees; however, new technologies such as the Internet have had negative consequences Such as reducing the level of productivity and Financial losses in the aftermath. One of the topics discussed in recent decades is the discussion of computers and electronic technologies, especially the Internet and how to use it. Extreme use and use of the Internet, especially for non-scientific purposes, has been associated with increasing social and personal problems. Yang discusses the Internet abuse and its dependence and its consequences for the first time. One of the abuses of the internet in the business environment is the Cyberloafing phenomeno. Cyberloafing can be defined as using the organization's Internet to perform personal tasks, such as reading and sending personal emails, reading content on news sites and blogs, and playing games and entertainment. The enormous costs that organizations incur as a result of employees' inappropriate use of the Internet have made it possible for organizations to identify the factors that influence these behaviors and to control their drivers. The present study was conducted to investigate the impact of Cyber loafing on the performance of Sadad Data Processing Company staff.
Methodology: : Current research model, based on data collected from 108 questionnaires to randomly among employees of Data SADAD (PARS) distributed and collected, based on structural equation modeling (SEM), through the PLS software been tested.
Findings: Current research model, based on data collected from 108 questionnaires to randomly among employees of Data SADAD (PARS) distributed and collected, based on structural equation modeling (SEM), through the PLS software been tested. The obtained results of data analysis show, Cyber loafing have the negative effect on employee performance (= - 0.705 and T = 2.705). In this regard, a study by Barla et al. (2003) found that internet duplication reduces work performance due to the loss of working time, in fact when it comes to internet duplication, This is the time to do the work and it is expected that any loss of working time will result in a loss of productivity so the results of this study are in line with the research mentioned. As well as cyber loafing have a Direct and significant influence on the Counterproductive performance (= 0.749 and T = 17.117). Also, cyber evasion has an inverse effect on citizenship performance (0.5 = 0.529 and T = 9.248) and duty (0. -0.454 and T = 6.091).
Discussion: Among the practical implications of the results of this study is that managers need to actively take measures to effectively utilize employees' Internet in the workplace, which is not possible unless it provides the appropriate space and facilities for the organization's employees. Employees as the core capital of organizations need such an environment to make the organization effective.
Original Article
Hanan Nouruzinia; Mohammad Reza Farhadpoor
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Academic websites by introducing history, goals, educational, research, administrative and extracurricular services, and the recruitment of students, faculty and staff, play an important role in the dissemination of educational, research and administrative information of universities. ...
Read More
Background and Objectives: Academic websites by introducing history, goals, educational, research, administrative and extracurricular services, and the recruitment of students, faculty and staff, play an important role in the dissemination of educational, research and administrative information of universities. The web is a vast collection of heterogeneous information that are interconnected through links. the information on the web is not organized properly, and this heterogeneous nature of information imposed disordered conditions on the web. However, the organization may provide a large amount of information on its website, but if retrieval of it is difficult, its usefulness will be reduced. Furthermore, a website may have a high level of interaction, but if users can not have access to it, this level of interaction will not be significant. This indicates a key problem in that website’s visibility and accessibility. Visibility is a very important metric in Webometrics studies, so that the usefulness of the inventories depends on how its content is visible, and the numbers in the inventory is a good indicator for measuring visibility. The visibility of a site also affects its coverage and retrieval by search engines. Accordingly, visibility and clarity are related to enabling interconnections in a space that todays have found a great importance. The topic of web visibility and its important role in different rankings of universities and higher education institutions has been the subject of several models in this field. With regard to the comprehensiveness of the Fishkin & Pollard’s (2007) industry model, this study intends to examine the characteristics of the top 100 web sites in webometric ranking system. So the main question is, what is the status of the site size, the rich files, and the number of articles, the site links, and the visibility of the top 100 Web sites in Webometric ranking system? And is the size of the website, the number of information rich files, the number of articles retrieved from Google Scholar and Web Links affect their visibility? Methodology: : The present study is an applied research in terms of its objective, and since it seeks to describe the status of the university's superior university webometric system in terms of visibility characteristics, it has been conducted as an analytical survey. Data collection was done by library and field methods in the first six months of year 2017. For this data collection, the checklists according to Fishkin and Pollard’s (2007) model, containing 30 items for the four subsets of visibility, size of website (including the number of web pages, website size in megabytes, and page rank), rich information files (including PDF, DOC, PPT, PS and RTF) and the number of articles retrieved through Google Scholar, was used. The validity of the instrument was formally determined and its reliability was calculated by using the retest method, and the correlation of the results was obtained (r = 0.89), which it confirms the reliability of the instrument and then various instruments were used to evaluate each of them. Data analysis was done using the SPSS 21software. Findings: The results showed that 14 features of the industry model were observed in 100% of the websites. The size of the website is more than 89% between 0.59to 7.39 MB. The results of the hypothesis test showed that the size and volume of the site (r = 0.637) at the significance level (Sig. 0.002), the number of enriched files (r = 0.546) at the significance level (Sig. 0.001), receiving referral links (r = 0. 674) at the significant level (Sig. 0.000), and the number of articles retrieved from Google Scholar (r = 0.654) at the significance level (Sig. 0.001) has a direct impact on visibility. In addition, the intensity of the relationship is stronger for the variable of referred links compared to the other three variables. Discussion: The visibility of a website is an important and essential component because it represents accessibility and find ability of a web site by the various search engines in the heterogeneous web environment. The effect of different components on visibility can be investigated from various aspects. For example, receiving referred links on the one hand points to sharing of a website content with other websites, which itself can be the reason for the validity of information content of a site; on the other hand, the visibility of a website and the ability to retrieve it by search engines refers indirectly to links from other sites. The multiplicity of links within the website and from the subpages and subset of a website can also indicate the distribution of the information content of the website on its various pages. This also refers to the architecture of the website and is associated to the size of the website and the number of pages. Therefore, identifying different factors requires further studies in the future.
